Add the milk, sugar, and salt to a medium saucepan. Stir well and warm the mixture over medium heat. Do not let it boil strongly.
In a small bowl, mix the cornstarch with 4 to 5 tablespoons of cold milk taken from the recipe amount. Stir until smooth and lump-free.
Slowly pour the cornstarch mixture into the warm milk while whisking constantly.
Continue cooking over medium-low heat for 5 to 7 minutes, stirring often, until the mixture slightly thickens. It should look smoother and lightly coat the back of a spoon.
Remove the saucepan from the heat. Add the heavy cream and vanilla extract. Stir until fully combined.
If using salep or crushed mastic gum, add it at this stage and whisk very well. These ingredients are optional and are not required for this home-style version.
Let the mixture cool at room temperature for 30 to 45 minutes.
For a smoother texture, strain the mixture through a fine-mesh strainer into a clean bowl or container.
Cover and refrigerate for at least 6 hours, preferably overnight. A very cold base gives a creamier result.
If using an ice cream machine, churn the chilled mixture according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
If making without a machine, pour the chilled mixture into a freezer-safe container. Freeze for 45 minutes, then stir vigorously with a fork or whisk. Repeat this every 45 minutes for the first 3 hours.
After the final stirring, cover the container tightly and freeze until firm, about 4 hours total.
Before serving, let the ice cream sit at room temperature for 5 minutes so it softens slightly and scoops easily.
Serve plain or with pistachios, baklava, fruit, Turkish coffee, or your favorite Turkish dessert.